Here, it drops 4,500 metres (14,800 ft) before it enters the lower basin where the borders of Thailand, Laos, China, and Myanmar come together in the Golden Triangle. Table 6.1 in the "Rapid Method" lab has conversions from mm or micometers to phi size. In Yunnan Province in China, the river and its tributaries are confined by narrow, deep gorges. Phnom Penh Agreement between Cambodia and Vietnam on the Transit of Goods, 7 September 2000. [56] The Lao Government is aiming to lift the nation out of poverty by making it "the battery of Asia". Reach 2 is dominated in both wet and dry seasons by the Yunnan Component. In Vietnam, since the year 2000 Mỹ Thuận Bridge crosses the first channel—the left, main branch of the Mekong, the Sông Tiền or Tiền Giang—near Vĩnh Long and since 2008 Rạch Miễu Bridge crosses it near Mỹ Tho, between the provinces of Tiền Giang and Bến Tre. You can contribute this audio pronunciation of Lancang to HowToPronounce dictionary. Found inside – Page 407... how to count in both Lao and Thai , albeit with atrocious pronunciation . ... The Waning of ' Mekhong ' Whiskey and the Rise of ' Lancang River ' Beer ... Several studies have demonstrated the continuum of cooperation on transboundary rivers, but have largely focused on government to government (Track 1) cooperation and formal diplomacy. [13] As elsewhere in the basin, forest cover has been steadily reduced during the last three decades by shifting agriculture and permanent agriculture. [4] The Mekong is still a wild river and navigation conditions vary greatly along its length. The Lancang-Mekong sub-region is our joint . On 20 March 2004, the Thai and Lao governments agreed to extend the railway to Tha Nalaeng in Laos. Phnom Penh also marks the beginning of the delta system of the Mekong River. Crowdsourced audio pronunciation dictionary for 89 languages, with meanings, synonyms, sentence usages, translations and much more. [47] Aquaculture yields about two million tonnes of fish a year. Log in or [13], Reach 4: Pakse to Kratie. DOI: 10.3390/rs5020687. With the information in the JCCCN's Lancang-Mekong Navigation Charts as the starting point, the joint The impact of road embankments and similar infrastructure developments on the movement of this flood water is an increasingly important consequence of development.[13]. Downstream countries rely on the Mekong River for fisheries, agriculture, navigation and ecological services, while upstream countries have been constructing dams to generate hydropower. Broadly, navigation of the river is divided between upper and lower Mekong, with the "upper" part of the river defined as the stretch north of the Khone Falls in southern Laos and the "lower" part as the stretch below these falls. [13], There is little evidence from the last 45 years of data of any systematic changes in the hydrological regime of the Mekong. 1" " International*Mekong*River*Basin:*Events,*Conflicts*or*Cooperation,*and*Policy* Implications* * by* * BunnyYorth* * * * MPP*Essay* * Submittedto . It is the source of Yangtze River, Huanghe (Yellow River) and Lancang River and plays a critical important role for the three great rivers' water security. [12] It then turns east into the interior of Laos, flowing first east and then south for some 400 kilometres (250 mi) before meeting the border with Thailand again. The Fourth Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge opened to traffic on 11 December 2013. For thousands of years the Mekong River has been an important conduit for people and goods between the many towns on its banks. Downstream of Vientiane this increases to over 600 mm as the principal left bank tributaries enter the mainstream, mainly the Nam Ngum and Nam Theun. [10][11]. The Mekong is the fastest growing large river basin in the world in terms of hydropower construction. The last three can grow up to about 3 m (9.8 ft) in length and weigh 300 kg (660 lb). H. chaophraya), which can reach at least 5 m (16 ft) in length and 1.9 m (6.2 ft) in width,[38] the giant pangasius (Pangasius sanitwongsei), giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis) and the endemic Mekong giant catfish (Pangasianodon gigas). Keep up. The elevation ranges from about 500 to 6,000 m above mean sea level and the annual precipitation ranges from less than 500 mm to more than 1,600 mm (Fig. Mekong River, Cambodian Mékôngk, Laotian Mènam Khong, Thai Mae Nam Khong, Vietnamese Sông Tiên Giang, Chinese (Pinyin) Lancang Jiang or (Wade-Giles) Lan-ts'ang Chiang, river that is the longest river in Southeast Asia, the 7th longest in Asia, and the 12th longest in the world.It has a length of about 2,700 miles (4,350 km). (Placename) a river in SE Asia, rising in SW China in Qinghai province: flows southeast forming the border between Laos and Myanmar, and part of the border between Laos and Thailand, then continues south across Cambodia and Vietnam to the South China Sea by an extensive delta, one of the greatest rice-growing areas in Asia. (Wu, dated) menstruation; period . [13] Here, the river landscape is flat. The boundary between Reach 2 and 3 is where the Mekong hydrology starts to change. Here the mainstream begins to break up into an increasing number of branches. However, the hydrological impacts of land cover changes induced by the Vietnam War were quantified in two sub-catchments of the lower Mekong River basin. The MRC is an inter-governmental river basin organisation established by the riparian country governments of Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Viet Nam, to facilitate regional cooperation in the management of shared resources of the Mekong River Basin. Dams heavily impact the Lancang-Mekong River, leading to water-use conflicts for hydropower, food production, and ecosystem sustainment. In the south of Yunnan, in Simao and Xishuangbanna Prefectures, the river changes as the valley opens out, the floodplain becomes wider, and the river becomes wider and slower. By this stage, over 95% of the total flow has entered the Mekong system. Soil erosion has been a major problem and approximately 50% of the sediment in the river comes from the upper basin. [13], Flows at Chiang Saen entering the lower basin from Yunnan make up about 15% of the wet season flow at Kratie. The mean annual flow entering the lower Mekong from China is equivalent to a relatively modest 450 mm depth of runoff. Found insideAilao people live in the current Lancang River Basin in Yunnan and its ... The Chinese vocabulary pronunciation and free translation of the lyrics are ... With the information in the JCCCN's Lancang-Mekong Navigation Charts as the starting point, the joint The seasonal variations in water level directly affect trade in this section of the river. Puer tea has been grown for centuries in the Six Great Tea Mountains of Yunnan Province, and in imperial China it was a prized commodity, traded to Tibet by horse or mule caravan via the so-called Tea Horse Road and presented as ... The ecological environment and biological resources of Manwan hydropower station reservoir along Lancang River in Yunnan, China. Only the Amazon boasts a higher level of bio-diversity. Every year, 35–50% of this reach is flooded during the rainy season. [43] Hence, the lower Mekong basin yields about 4.5 million tonnes of fish and aquatic products annually. Aquatic biodiversity in the Mekong River system is the second highest in the world after the Amazon. [4], In Laos, 50 and 100 DWT vessels are operated for regional trade. Ninety percent of plastic in the oceans is flushed there by just 10 rivers. BANGKOK — China and the countries of the lower Mekong River are teaming up for their largest joint study yet of the impacts climate change and hydropower dams are having on one of Asia's great . Then we define the metadata views to carry out the interface between other While the impact of climate change is difficult to forecast, below are projections for the Mekong River Basin for the next 20 to 30 years, based on a downscaled global climate model, a procedure to take information known at large scales to make predictions at local scales: [64][65][66] When drought ends and the inevitable floods begin, the effects of Mekong dams on flood pulse dynamics over the entire Lower Mekong are poorly understood. Excavations at Oc Eo, near modern An Giang, have found coins from as far away as the Roman Empire. 7–48. Found inside – Page 235... of Muang Lü.23 Now , Kwaen Luod is Chian Nuo District of Lancang County . ... lower reaches of the Huanghe River ) began , in border districts , to set ... In Vietnam, distributaries of the eastern (main, Mekong) branch include the Mỹ Tho River, the Ba Lai River, the Hàm Luông River, and the Cổ Chiên River. When the Mekong floods, the flow reverses: the floodwaters of the Mekong flow up the Tonle Sap. Commercial Navigation on the Lancang-Mekong River (JCCCN) formed under an agreement signed in April 2000 for operation and development of international navigation on the Lancang-Mekong River. [35] The Mekong Region contains 16 WWF Global 200 ecoregions, the greatest concentration of ecoregions in mainland Asia. [70], 10.261291334222218°N 106.75297696603432°E. This book describes and analyzes the situation of minority languages in China. There is one bridge over the Mekong entirely within Laos. [14], Loss of forest cover in the Thai areas of the lower basin has been the highest of all the lower Mekong countries over the past 60 years. It is at Pakse in Champasak Province. The extreme seasonal variations in flow and the presence of rapids and waterfalls in the Mekong make navigation difficult. This has implications for the occurrence of drought conditions. Record the pronunciation of this word in your own voice and play it to listen to how you have pronounced it. Interdisciplinary Analyses of a River Delta (= Springer Environmental Science and Engineering). On 4 June 1629, the Batavia, pride of the Dutch East India Company Fleet, was wrecked on her maiden voyage in a seemingly empty expanse of the Indian Ocean. This book provides a basin-wide analysis of political, socio-economic and environmental perspectives of hydropower development in the Mekong Basin. It includes chapters from China, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. Welcome to the Mekong River Commission (MRC) website. or post as a guest. Inaugurated in 2010, it is the longest main span cable-stayed bridge in Southeast Asia. Over 25% of the mean annual flow volume to the mainstream at Kratie comes from these three river basins. Leave a vote for your preferred pronunciation. Here the mainstream divides into a complex and increasingly controlled and artificial system of branches and canals. . Angsai, together with the other four towns, has become part of the Lancang River subarea, a region covering a total area of 13,700 square kilometres within Zaduo county. [4] Biota estimates for the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) include 20,000 plant species, 430 mammals, 1,200 birds, 800 reptiles and amphibians,[31] and an estimated 850 freshwater fish species (excluding euryhaline species mainly found in salt or brackish water, as well as introduced species). The Prek Tamak Bridge, 40 km north of Phnom Penh opened in 2010. [55] China, Laos and Cambodia are planning and/or building more. Downstream from the Golden Triangle, the river flows for a further 2,600 km (1,600 mi) through Laos, Thailand, and Cambodia before entering the South China Sea via a complex delta system in Vietnam.[13]. 黑 龍 江. We set up different metadata warehouse of different metadata management system. Even so, the river is a major trade route between western China and Southeast Asia. [7] It is the world's twelfth longest river and the sixth longest in Asia. It is located in an area of high biodiversity, and flows through the Three Parallel Rivers World Heritage Area. [13], The Mekong delta in Vietnam is farmed intensively and has little natural vegetation left. to cast to send to throw oneself (into the river etc) to seek refuge to place oneself into the hands of. The Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge (Thai: สะพานมิตรภาพ ไทย-ลาว; RTGS: saphan mittra phap thai-lao) connects Nong Khai city with Vientiane in Laos. They urge an immediate moratorium on new construction and a shift to solar and other forms of renewable energy, already highly competitive and faster to install. Cần Thơ Bridge crosses the second channel—the right, main distributary of the Mekong, the Bassac (Song Hau). Found inside – Page iiThis book, comprised of entirely original research, collects data on the socioeconomic situation of China’s 56 ethnic groups. Forest cover is less than 10%. [13] Agricultural expansion and population pressure are the major reasons for land use and landscape change. The Mekong boasts the most concentrated biodiversity per hectare of any river.[42]. Found inside – Page 89... the same pronunciation but different in spelling in Chinese , during the ... along the banks of the Jinsha River , and they moved to the Nujiang River ... The Lancang-Mekong River has a length of 4,350 km, a drainage area of over 795,000 km 2, and an annual discharge of 14,500 m 3 /s (MRC, 2010a). At present, the LR Basin is one of the most active areas in the world for hydropower development [32,33,34]. Agreement between China and Lao PDR on Freight and Passenger Transport along the Lancang–Mekong River, adopted in November 1994. This was succeeded by the Khmer culture Chenla state around the 5th century. This new port has generated a renewed focus on the Mekong River as a trade route. China alone plans to have 23 hydropower dams operating on the mainstream of the Lancang (upper Mekong) River by 2030: seven dams are approved, three dams have been temporarily cancelled but are likely to be reconsidered, four dams are under preparation, three dams are under construction, and six dams have been built and are operating. It is impacting the ecosystem, disturbing the migratory patterns of fish as well as riverbank plants and local agriculture downstream.[57]. These mother vessels sail directly to Europe or the United States, which means that goods can be shipped internationally to and from Phnom Penh with only a single transshipment at Cai Mep. Jialing River Basin of Chongqing, eastern Sichuan and southern Gansu. [13], Table 3: Mekong Mainstream monthly discharge, 1960–2004 (m3/s). To the early European traders, the Mekong River was also known as Mekon River, May-Kiang River and Cambodia River. English Definition Simplified. Interdisciplinary Analyses of a River Delta. The Khmer empire of Angkor was the last great Indianized state in the region. In spite of poor fertility, however, agriculture is intensive. The Chinese Government's Thirteenth Five-Year Plan on Hydroelectricity Development (TFP) has goals to mitigate adverse effects on freshwater biodiversity. Sample A is poorly sorted while sample B is sorted. We recommend you to try Safari. In recent years, people have paid more and more attention to the impact of climate change and human activities on the Lancang River water resources system. [4] Most large river systems that drain the interiors of continents, such as the Amazon, Congo, and Mississippi, have relatively simple dendritic tributary networks that resemble a branching tree. It is set at the Xiaowan Dam in southwest China. It plans to demolish around 15 small-sized land features spread across the river under the rubric of "navigation channel improvement" mainly for commercial vessels weighing up to 500 tonnes. [4] It flows through the Tibetan Autonomous Region and then southeast into Yunnan Province, and then the Three Parallel Rivers Area in the Hengduan Mountains, along with the Yangtze to its east and the Salween River (Nu Jiang in Chinese) to its west. These measures are of international importance because China is the largest developer of hydropower projects. DOI: 10.1080/01431161.2014.890305. [4], The Mekong is already heavily dammed, with many more dams planned and under construction, mostly for generating hydropower. In the Central Highlands of Vietnam, forest cover was reduced from over 95% in the 1950s to around 50% in the mid-1990s. Kuenzer, C., P. Leinenkugel, M. Vollmuth and S. Dech (2014): Comparing global land-cover products – implications for geoscience applications: an investigation for the trans-boundary Mekong Basin. These deflected deposition south-eastwards in the direction of the Cà Mau Peninsula, which is one of the most recent features of the delta. START FREE SCAN No credit card . Found inside – Page 288Sungai Tiong is the river whose estuary commences about two miles east of the ... kapal ' here may include the two ' kéci ' and ' lancang ' mentioned in the ... Found inside – Page 520In Myanmar: 1,700 speakers west of the Irrawaddy River in Katha district, ... Burmese with profound pronunciation and vocabulary differences from Burmese. It has two 3.5-metre-wide (11 ft) lanes with a single railway line in the middle. In: Renaud, F. G. and C. Kuenzer (eds. The delta, a major rice-growing area, was the scene of heavy fighting during the Vietnam War. Lancang River is one of the highest elevation rivers in China. Specific explanation on the definition of green hydropower is also found to be absent in relevant documents of Lancang River of Qinghai and Yunnan, the upper reaches of Mekong River 湄公河[Méi gōng hé] of Southeast Asia . Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) is the source region of five large Asian rivers (Yellow, Yangtze, Lancang, Nujiang, and Yarlung Tsangpo Rivers) that have unique alpine morphological structures shaped by long-term plateau uplift, and affected by climate change and human activities in the middle and short temporal scales (i.e., about 100 yr and 30 yr, respectively). ️ Faster Computer. Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary Rate the pronunciation difficulty of Lancang. Found inside – Page 134... the Han name for the Mekong ( Lancang 99 ) is derived from the original ... recent centuries is not so difficult because the pronunciation of Chinese is ... For much of its length the Mekong flows through bedrock channels, i.e., channels that are confined or constrained by bedrock or old alluvium in the bed and riverbanks. The transboundary Lancang-Mekong River basin has experienced dynamics of cooperation over the past several decades, which is a common emergent response in transboundary coupled human-water systems. In Vietnam, the Bassac is called the Hậu River (Sông Hậu or Hậu Giang); the main, eastern, branch of the Mekong is called the Tiền River or Tiền Giang. The saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) once ranged from the Mekong Delta up the river into Tonle Sap and beyond but is now extinct in the river, along with being extinct in all of Vietnam and possibly even Cambodia. Although this reach cannot be termed "unspoiled", the hydrological response is perhaps the most natural and undisturbed of all the lower basin. The Kizuna Bridge is in Cambodia, in the city of Kampong Cham, on the road linking Phnom Penh with the remote provinces of Ratanakiri and Mondolkiri, and Laos. HSK. Kuenzer, C. (2014): Remote Sensing the Mekong. Mekong River In Asia. An MRC report claims that dam projects on the Mekong River will reduce aquatic life by 40% by 2020, and predicted that 80% of fish will be depleted by 2040. This extension has since been completed. Pu-erh. Volumes of trade being shipped decrease by more than 50%, primarily due to the reduced draughts available during the low water season (June–January). Dams heavily impact the Lancang-Mekong River, leading to water-use conflicts for hydropower, food production, and ecosystem sustainment. Lancang River Railway Bridge - The Lancang River Railway Bridge is an arch bridge under construction linking the cities of Baoshan and Dali in western Yunnan Province, China. Other Countries Suffered a Drought", "Potential Disruption of Flood Dynamics in the Lower Mekong River Basin Due to Upstream Flow Regulation", "There are 8.3 billion tons of plastic in the world", "Almost all plastic in the ocean comes from just 10 rivers", "Dams and Climate Change Kill the Mekong", The WISDOM Project, a Water related Information System for the Mekong Delta, CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems - Greater Mekong, Countries of the Mekong River: The Greater Mekong Subregion, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mekong&oldid=1045555703, Articles with dead external links from August 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from June 2017, Articles with dead external links from July 2017, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing Burmese-language text, Articles containing Vietnamese-language text, Articles containing Standard Tibetan-language text, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from December 2015, Articles containing potentially dated statements from January 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Middle Stretches of the Mekong River north of, The section of the river flowing through deep gorges in. [4], Waterborne trade in the lower Mekong countries of Vietnam and Cambodia has grown significantly, with trends in container traffic at Phnom Penh port and general cargo through Can Tho port both showing steady increases until 2009 when a decrease in cargo volumes can be attributed to the global financial crisis and a subsequent decline in demand for the export of garments to the US.

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