compressive strength of bitumen

/K [ 110 ] /S /TR /K [ 57 ] << An experimental investigation of variation in flexural strength of fly-ash based cement, An experimental research was conducted to evaluate the shear capacity of permanent /Contents [ 456 0 R 482 0 R ] 1. << endobj >> << 386 0 obj /S /P /Pg 27 0 R 1. >> /quoteleft /quoteright /quotesinglbase /trademark /fi /fl /Lslash /OE /Scaron /Ydieresis /P 76 0 R /CapHeight 677 100 0 obj /Alt () /Ordering (Identity) /P 109 0 R >> endobj 47 0 obj /P 251 0 R /Pg 27 0 R The test result shows that the ice compressive strength and modulus respectively distribute from 0.36 MPa to 3.67 MPa and 11.7 MPa to 359.1 MPa when ice temperature varies from -0.7℃ to -7.5℃. 337 0 obj endobj << >> 373 0 obj /P 162 0 R /P 213 0 R 143 0 obj endobj /P 37 0 R 394 0 obj >> >> >> The present investigation, highlights on ten different cases of wire mesh combination with one additional case as mortar control specimen which does not contain any type of reinforcement. National Research Council Canada 1999 >> /S /Span << << endobj << >> /S /P /K [ 153 ] endobj /P 376 0 R << 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 278 278 355 556 556 889 667 191 333 /Leading 33 << Flexural strength of panels reinforced with two types of meshes, i.e., chicken mesh and geogrid mesh have been compared. /Flags 32 /P 334 0 R /TT2 16 0 R /Pg 23 0 R concrete beams using different, Join ResearchGate to discover and stay up-to-date with the latest research from leading experts in, Access scientific knowledge from anywhere. /P 376 0 R /K [ 72 ] 199 0 obj /K [ 351 0 R ] /K [ 394 0 R ] /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /Group << International Association of Scientific Innovation and 53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 136 0 R 137 0 R 138 0 R 139 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R 142 0 R 143 0 R endobj /CA 1 85 0 obj /P 281 0 R << >> /P 37 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 151 ] endobj 406 0 obj endobj >> /Pg 23 0 R /Fm1 420 0 R /Font << 29 0 obj >> 475 0 obj /P 240 0 R 171 0 obj Vanier. endobj 169 0 obj Tensile strength means the ability of materials to withstand bending, and flexural strength is the ability to resist rupture. /P 37 0 R << >> cement component increased for both soil samples. /K 6 ... howconcrete bitumen mixed increase strength. /K [ 112 ] /S /TD /Registry (Adobe) >> endobj >> /S /P /K [ 74 0 R ] /S /Figure /degree /plusminus /twosuperior /threesuperior /acute /mu 183 /periodcentered /cedilla /P 305 0 R 330 0 obj /K [ 81 ] /P 330 0 R Also for the bitumen modified sulfur concrete, different percentages of bitumen and the emulsifying agent (triton X-100) are utilized. 118 0 obj /K [ 345 0 R ] Found inside – Page 262For mix 1 and 3 which are having fly ash as filler, at 9% bitumen content a compressive strength of 7.07 and 4.2 MPa is obtained. /P 381 0 R 444 333 500 556 278 0 0 278 778 556 500 500 500 389 389 278 556 444 667 0 444 389 /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 23 0 R >> >> /S /TD Found inside – Page 394The relation between the tensile and compressive strengths of plain bitumens is then given by the equation o Tbit Cbit • [ 30 ] The compressive strength of ... /Pg 23 0 R /S /TD << endobj /S /TD /DR << /Pg 27 0 R /P 76 0 R 150 0 obj /P 163 0 R << /Type /FontDescriptor >> /P 214 0 R endobj endobj /K [ 301 0 R ] endobj and BNA blend, although the compressive strength according to Wu Shao-peng obtained at 3.6 MPa while the porous asphalt using Domato stone and BNA blend gained compressive strength of 2.4 MPa. /P 238 0 R /Pg 23 0 R >> /S /P 27 [ 500 ] 29 [ 278 ] 36 [ 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 ] 186 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R /P 37 0 R /K [ 57 0 R 59 0 R 61 0 R 63 0 R 65 0 R ] >> >> In the study, 2%, 4% and 6% bitumen content were considered. /K [ 244 0 R 246 0 R 248 0 R 250 0 R ] /S /P /Pg 27 0 R Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature. /Pg 23 0 R >> /K [ 2 ] MSHTO T 165 "Effect of Water on Compressive Strength of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures': For aggregates having maximum sizes over 25 mm, AASHTOT 165 will be mcx:1ifiedto use 150 mm cylindrical specimens. 392 0 obj /StemV 40 /K [ 41 ] 121 0 obj << << << 17 0 obj From the results of the development of compressive strength up to the age of 91 days presented in Figure 1 and 2 for all mixes, it is evident that in every case the strength continues to increase with age and that, for the given water/cement ratio and mix proportion, concretes made from the natural aggregate have a higher strength than those from RAP … compressive strength of the asphalt mixture. /Pg 27 0 R >> 158 0 obj >> August 26, 2021. >> >> endobj >> 147 0 obj endobj 157 0 obj 320 0 obj >> 268 0 R 329 0 R 367 0 R 368 0 R 369 0 R 370 0 R 375 0 R 376 0 R 397 0 R 398 0 R 399 0 R /S /TD 247 0 R 249 0 R 250 0 R 253 0 R 255 0 R 257 0 R 258 0 R 261 0 R 263 0 R 265 0 R 266 0 R << /Alt () /K [ 269 0 R 281 0 R 293 0 R 305 0 R 317 0 R ] >> /S /TR /Pg 27 0 R << 556 556 222 222 500 222 833 556 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 500 334 >> /Flags 32 /Pg 23 0 R Determination of Binder Penetration. /Pg 23 0 R << Ductility test of bitumen- Step by Step Full Procedure with Apparatus. endobj /AvgWidth 402 /Pg 23 0 R [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 250 0 0 500 500 0 0 0 500 500 500 500 333 0 0 0 0 /Pg 23 0 R << /Fm0 419 0 R /Alt () /K [ 93 ] /K [ 9 ] 272 0 obj /K [ 207 0 R ] >> 292 0 obj /CA 0.15 << 16 0 obj /K [ 299 0 R ] Ferrocement consists of cement mortar and reinforcement in the form of wire mesh. 245 0 obj /K [ 105 ] /S /TR /Leading 33 /K [ 359 0 R ] /Nums [ 0 39 0 R 1 49 0 R 2 333 0 R ] /Pg 23 0 R >> /Alt () /Arial 415 0 R << /P 317 0 R The effect of the RAP replacement, water to cement ratio, curing time, and aggregate water absorption on compressive strength and flow workability are reported. While mortar provides the mass, the wire mesh, The basic aim of this paper is to develop green Ferro cement panels to be used in low cost housing, which are the need of an hour in an era of everyday growing population. /S /Span /S /TD /S /TD compressive strength by the addition of bitumen fibers and rice husk ash in the high strength concrete (M60). endobj <> << /Pg 23 0 R 44 0 obj 149 0 obj /S /TD /Pg 23 0 R /S /TD Penetration test of bitumen- Step by Step Procedure and significance. /Alt () /P 220 0 R Thus this material can be used in construction of swimming pools, retaining walls, small arch dams, water tanks and also in construction of road pavements. /S /TR >> 97 0 obj /P 81 0 R /P 276 0 R /Zcaron /dotlessi /lslash /oe /scaron /zcaron 160 /Euro 164 /currency 166 /brokenbar /Pg 23 0 R << 115 0 R 118 0 R 120 0 R 122 0 R 124 0 R 125 0 R 128 0 R 130 0 R 132 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R Scope. /FontStretch /Normal << /Pg 27 0 R >> /K 88 <> 333 365 556 834 834 834 611 667 667 667 667 667 667 1000 722 667 667 667 667 278 /Pg 23 0 R endobj << "= %& ’, where F o is the maximum compressive force and A is the cross-sectional area of the ice sphere along the plane in which the compression force is applied. endobj Five types of aggregate gradation of Asphalt Concrete and two types of asphalt binder; Asphalt Cement (AC) 60/70 and Elastomer Modified Asphalt (EMA) were used. /P 344 0 R /K [ 163 0 R 173 0 R 183 0 R 193 0 R 203 0 R 213 0 R 223 0 R ] 556 556 556 556 889 500 556 556 556 556 278 278 278 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 /Pg 27 0 R >> >> /S /TR with 20% replacement of O.P.C. /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 215 0 R ] >> /S /P /S /TD << /Pg 27 0 R Also compressive strength of ferrocement depends on the type of wire mesh; welded wire mesh offers more compressive strength than woven type wire meshes. /S /Span >> /Height 113 << /S /P It is also found that, up to a shear span to depth ratio of three, shear behaviour is predominant. The detrimental effect caused by the bitumen coating on strength and porosity has limited the use of RAP on traditional cementitious systems. >> << 304 0 obj /S /Figure endobj Keywords: Bituminous membranes, hydrostatic pressure, modified bitumen, perfor m - ance standards, testing, waterproofing Durability of Building Materials and Components 8. /P 376 0 R /K [ 117 ] /K [ 149 ] /S /TD /Alt () /P 308 0 R endobj /Subtype /CIDFontType2 /Pg 27 0 R All bitumens show a more or less pronounced viscoelastic behavior. /P 370 0 R 163 0 obj /Pg 27 0 R Cement properties . << >> /FirstChar 32 1.1 This test method provides a method for measuring the compressive strength of compacted asphalt mixtures. endobj >> /K [ 67 0 R 69 0 R 71 0 R 73 0 R 75 0 R ] << number 43-48, Effect of orientation and specific surface of reinforcement on compressive strength of Ferrocement, Kute S., Kulkarni P., Waghmode R., Joshi P. (2013), /P 302 0 R /Pg 23 0 R Gambhir M.L., "Conrete Technology Theory and The paper investigates the effect of aging and curing processes on the compressive strength of Bitublocks. /K [ 339 0 R ] (1999) Edited by M.A. /K [ 82 0 R ] /P 37 0 R >> 311 0 obj << >> /K [ 0 ] endobj /K [ 237 0 R ] /P 173 0 R 140 0 obj 329 0 obj >> /Subtype /Type0 /Pg 27 0 R endobj endobj >> /ca 0.15 111 0 obj endobj /Pg 23 0 R [ 3 [ 250 389 ] 17 [ 250 ] 55 [ 611 ] 68 [ 500 ] 70 [ 444 500 444 333 500 556 278 ] Compressive Strength. << /P 300 0 R To ensure elements of Quality Management System namely quality planning, quality control and qual, This paper presents an experimental study on the strength and behavioural aspects of voided ferrocement channel type beams for pre-cast purposes. >> /Type /Font /K [ 146 ] A 3,000 psi slab should support 3,000-pounds but if you’re concerned about cracking, limit it to its 300 psi tensile strength. 350 222 222 333 333 350 556 1000 333 1000 500 333 944 350 500 667 278 333 556 556 /OCGs [ 437 0 R ] >> /Pg 23 0 R 192 0 obj /P 107 0 R terms of ultimate load. << << endobj << /Tabs /S In this technique, the plates of different materials viz CFRP, GFRP, ferrocement etc are bonded to the surface of structural member to increase its strength. << /S /TD /P 163 0 R /S /TD endobj /Pg 23 0 R /Subtype /TrueType /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 134 0 R ] /P 97 0 R Measured shear capacities of the tested beams were then compared with the endobj << /onesuperior /ordmasculine 188 /onequarter /onehalf /threequarters 192 /Agrave /Aacute /Widths [ 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 >> >> /K [ 64 0 R ] 197 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 75 ] /P 184 0 R /K [ 136 ] /P 66 0 R /Usage << endobj << /Alt () << 268 0 obj In recent years, with the rapid development of the world transportation industry, the proportion of asphalt pavement in road engineering is increasing. << /Pg 23 0 R 447 0 obj << endobj >> 312 0 obj endobj endobj /View << /K [ 205 0 R ] << endobj 461 0 obj /P 306 0 R Due to use of bitumen in ferrocement, structure not only carries increased compressive strength but also becomes impervious. endobj /P 269 0 R endobj 216 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R >> 184 0 obj 80 0 obj /S /TR 63 0 obj /P 37 0 R /GS1 455 0 R /Flags 32 190 0 obj /K [ 3 ] 115 0 obj << /Subtype /Type1 This paper studies the shear behaviour of permanent precast 173 0 obj << /Pg 23 0 R From each batch three 10×10×10 cm cubic samples were casted. /P 106 0 R << /Pg 23 0 R endobj << >> 60 0 obj >> /Pg 23 0 R /S /P /P 330 0 R /LastChar 122 >> /P 37 0 R /S /LBody Compressive strength of asphalt concret e binder course (AC-BC) m ixture using buton granular asphalt (BGA) Abdul Gaus. /FirstChar 32 of Ferrocement, Page number 16-24, Divekar P. (2013), "Industrialized Housing with /S /TD /Pg 23 0 R /P 270 0 R endobj endobj endobj 314 0 obj /P 99 0 R << << 174 0 obj 191 0 obj /Ascent 891 32 0 obj endobj /Alt () /BaseFont /Times#20New#20Roman,BoldItalic /ItalicAngle 0 /K [ 106 ] /K [ 59 ] endobj << /Arial 415 0 R <> >> endobj domato. << >> /Alt () /S /TR /S /P Found inside – Page 140The physical properties of the bitumen are given in Table 6.3. ... 100–600 ASTM D-638 Tensile strength, MPa 33 ASTM D-638 Compressive strength, ... 264 0 obj /P 77 0 R /S /LBody << /S /LBody Ec can be derived from S’c as follows Ec = 5700(S’c). /S /H1 endobj /S /TD << /K [ 315 0 R ] /Interpolate true /Type /Catalog endobj >> /Pg 23 0 R << 392 0 R 394 0 R 396 0 R 397 0 R 399 0 R ] /S /H1 It is found that 20% replacement of cement with fly-ash gave compressive strength well in comparison to the compressive strength of Ordinary Portland Cement(O.P.C.) /Pg 27 0 R /S /TD /P 340 0 R /Pg 23 0 R 41 0 obj endobj endobj /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 37 0 R ] << /Pg 23 0 R >> /Pg 23 0 R which contains 15% to 25% fly-ash was advocated for casting of cement composite panels. 207 0 obj /Type /ExtGState 79 0 obj /P 243 0 R >> 116 0 obj >> >> >> >> /S /P << 42 0 obj /P 389 0 R /S /TD >> >> /AcroForm 416 0 R 240 0 obj /LastChar 122 endobj 722 556 0 667 556 611 722 722 944 0 722 0 333 0 333 0 0 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 241 0 obj >> /K [ 44 ] >> /Pg 27 0 R /S /TR /K [ 47 ] /P 355 0 R /K [ 3 ] 1) “The Contractor shall determine the mix proportions of concrete specified in the Special Provisions or shown >> 179 0 obj /S /P 347 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R 120 0 obj ] /Fields 472 0 R 67 0 obj endobj /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 23 0 R endobj /P 86 0 R >> /ucircumflex /udieresis /yacute /thorn /ydieresis ] Found inside – Page 2078.1.2.8.2 Compressive strength When mastic asphalt is fully confined it has the same compressive strength as the containing material . >> Ordinary Portland cement of grade 53 was used in, used. endobj /TT0 5 0 R 112 0 obj 102 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R 382 0 obj /K [ 116 ] << endobj compressive strength with respect to the control AASHTO T 245 (1997), “Standard Method of Test mixture at 0.3% fiber content for coir fiber for Resistance to Plastic Flow of Bituminous stabilized mixes at 25˚C and 60˚C are 17% and Mixtures Using … High-strength PCC (usually defined as PCC with a compressive strength of at least 41.37 MPa (6000 psi)) has been designed for compressive strengths of over 137.90 MPa (20,000 psi) for use in building applications. Found inside – Page 53This article presents the results of laboratory compressive strength ... compressive strengths of asphalt mixtures , and the variation of strength that can ... >> endobj 20 0 obj /S /LI endobj /P 55 0 R << /P 293 0 R /K [ 71 ] /S /LI The compressive strength test of asphalt pavement 301 0 obj endobj /TT2 9 0 R /P 37 0 R This Lab is one of the oldest Material Testing Labs in Pakistan. 189 0 obj 73 0 obj /DW 1000 << << /LastChar 32 Uniaxial Tensile Test: This is a direct tension test in which a concrete specimen is held at the ends and pulled apart, inducing uniaxial tensile stress in it. /ItalicAngle 0 Conclusion The HMA pavements subject to fatigue failure and loss of chippings under traffic loads, temperature fluctuations and poor drainage. /Flags 32 /K [ 175 0 R ] 104 0 obj /P 86 0 R << >> /K [ 56 ] /K [ 127 ] /StemV 88 396 0 obj >> /S /Transparency /P 314 0 R 35 0 obj endobj /Pg 27 0 R endobj endobj /BaseFont /Times#20New#20Roman,BoldItalic /K [ 127 0 R 129 0 R 131 0 R 133 0 R 135 0 R ] >> >> /P 298 0 R /P 37 0 R /FontDescriptor 33 0 R 269 0 obj /P 290 0 R 51 0 obj >> << /Pg 23 0 R 175 0 obj << /P 218 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /P 356 0 R /Order [ ] 181 0 R 182 0 R 185 0 R 187 0 R 189 0 R 191 0 R 192 0 R 195 0 R 197 0 R 199 0 R 201 0 R << /ca 1 endobj /Alt () This study investigates the potential use of fine RAP to … /P 37 0 R endobj /S /TD The strength and compaction characteristics of the natural and stabilized granular soil were determined. 65 0 obj /S /LBody /K [ 249 0 R ] Found inside – Page 179Different types of mechanical properties can be measured and these include shear strength , flexural strength and compressive strength . endobj endobj 166 0 obj << /K [ 80 ] /K [ 69 ] /S /TD 1. /Type /Page /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 7 ] Bitumen is an oil based substance. 203 0 obj 375 0 obj endobj 76 0 obj endobj /K [ 85 ] /Pg 23 0 R endobj /S /TR Determination of Viscosity. /P 111 0 R /K [ 55 ] >> /P 348 0 R 339 0 obj /PrintState /ON /S /Figure This study proves that adding cement and human hair to asphalt mixture greatly increase the strength of the mixture thus making it a good material for the construction of road pavement. << /P 113 0 R /K [ 239 0 R ] 244 0 obj << 374 0 obj << endobj endobj /S /P << 38 0 obj /K [ 291 0 R ] /K [ 16 ] It is for use with specimens weighed, batched, mixed, and fabricated in the laboratory, as well as for mixtures manufactured in a hot mix plant. /S /P << >> endobj /Pg 23 0 R /S /TD >> /K [ 307 0 R ] glass fibre volume (ranging from 0% and up to 1%) in mortar mixes /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 100 0 R ] << << /LastChar 32 The results show that the mixing water and mixing … endobj /Pg 23 0 R 409 0 obj and time consumption of installation. /K [ 32 ] << /Descent -210 /StemV 40 /K [ 112 0 R ] /S /Span endobj /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 134 ] /K [ 23 ] >> endobj content. << >> /P 296 0 R /Pg 23 0 R "Conrete Technology Theory and Practice" /P 55 0 R << << endobj It reveals from the result of investigation that the vertical orientation offers more compressive strength than horizontal orientation for bitumen ferrocement. /Pg 23 0 R /P 243 0 R The stress analysis showed that adding foamed bitumen results in a reduction of the compressive strength of the mixes and a simultaneous increase in the tensile strength, which explains the apparently “contradictory” effects of foamed bitumen reported in the literature depending on the type of test used. << /Pg 23 0 R /S /P /S /TD << 233 0 obj endobj endobj /Pg 27 0 R << based matrix. /P 117 0 R /S /TD /P 176 0 R 343 0 obj /K [ 331 0 R 334 0 R 336 0 R 338 0 R 340 0 R 342 0 R ] /S /P /P 116 0 R >> <> /Type /Font >> >> /S /P >> >> << /P 324 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 137 ] Laboratory asphalt foaming equipment should be capable of producing foamed asphalt at a rate from 1.8 oz (50 g) to 7 oz (200 g) per second. /K [ 11 ] /Type /Font endobj It is for use with specimens weighed, batched, mixed, and fabricated in the laboratory, as well as for mixtures manufactured in a hot-mix plant. /K [ 209 0 R ] /S /P << /K [ 247 0 R ] 307 0 obj /K [ 214 0 R 216 0 R 218 0 R 220 0 R 222 0 R ] After completion of KKH, the lab was shifted to Chaklala, Rawalpindi. >> /Print << /S /LI Various retrofitting techniques are used in field and out of all plate bonding technique is considered as the best. /K 35 /S /P endobj /BaseFont /Times#20New#20Roman /K 107 A total of three 4 inch diameter cylinders of concrete were prepared in the laboratory from the same mix. << Method of installation for bored cast-in-situ piles in Bombay region. endobj /K [ 294 0 R 296 0 R 298 0 R 300 0 R 302 0 R 304 0 R ] /AvgWidth 412 110 0 obj /P 370 0 R 153 0 obj /P 37 0 R /Pg 23 0 R Normally the consistency of bituminous material can be measured either by penetration test or viscosity test. But for certain range of consistencies, these tests are not applicable and Float test is used. The apparatus consists of an aluminum float and a brass collar filled with bitumen to be tested. << /S /P >> /Pg 27 0 R endobj >> >> endobj /K [ 31 ] /XHeight 250 187 0 obj << /S /P Authors : Mitali Patil; Khandekar S.D. /Flags 32 /PageElement << >> 164 0 obj /K [ 121 ] << /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 132 0 R ] /K [ 273 0 R ] << /K [ 34 ] endobj >> The compressive strength can be considered as proportional to the ultimate pull force. /K [ 349 0 R ] 455 0 obj The ferrocement cubes casted with single and double layers of reinforcement placed in transverse, vertical and diagonal plane. >> This article presents the compressive strength and workability of cement mortar (CM) containing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) as fine aggregate replacement. endobj /K [ 17 ] endobj << endobj The stress analysis showed that adding foamed bitumen results in a reduction of the compressive strength of the mixes and a simultaneous increase in the tensile strength, which explains the apparently “contradictory” effects of foamed bitumen reported in the literature depending on the type of test used. Beams were also casted for the comparison of flexural strength. /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 260 0 R 262 0 R 264 0 R 266 0 R ] /K [ 357 0 R ] << 225 0 obj << >> endobj /Type /Font << /P 305 0 R /P 364 0 R 437 0 obj 124 0 obj /Pg 3 0 R /ItalicAngle 0 /Pg 3 0 R /P 37 0 R The unconfined compressive test result of porous asphalt containing . Based on study following conclusions are drawn. /FontDescriptor 8 0 R /Pg 23 0 R >> << Compressive strength of grouted macadams with different bitumen types Material Compressive strength (MPa) 1 day curing 7 days curing 28 days curing HL/SF-GM 8.82 10.76 (22%) 13.82 (57%) CL/SF-GM 5.09 9.11 (79%) 11.99 (135%) y = 1.3619x 0.4736 R 2 = 0.8525 1 10 100 10 100 1000 Compressive strength of Grout (MPa) C o m p r e s s i v e s t r e n g t h o f G r o u t e d M a c a d … endobj /K [ 327 0 R ] /Keywords (Bitumen; Compressive strength; Ferrocement; square mesh\r\n) >> <> >> << <> /S /P 423 0 obj endobj /Flags 32 357 0 obj /S /P /P 234 0 R /K [ 129 ] >> Found inside – Page 305The compressive strength of the stabilized subgrade increases with the bitumen dosage, up to a certain threshold value. This stabilization method is adopted ... << [ 38 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R ] /P 162 0 R /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 23 0 R endobj endobj using Robo sand is found to be greater than those casted with Ordinary Portland Cement (O.P.C.) /Parent 483 0 R >> /S /Span << 129 0 obj /K [ 77 0 R 79 0 R 81 0 R 83 0 R 85 0 R ] >> Bitumen ferrocement is new type of ferrocrete in which wire reinforcement replaced by bitumen coated wire mesh. >> Lilibeth Purta (916) 227-5239 Lilibeth.C.Purta@dot.ca.gov 374 (PDF) January 1, 2000: Method for Determining Asphalt Durability Using the California Tilt-Oven Durability Test: Guadalupe Magana 350 0 obj endobj /Leading 42 << /Pg 27 0 R /FontDescriptor 31 0 R 385 0 obj 144 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R << >> >> /S /TD 53 0 obj /S /P endobj /FontDescriptor 17 0 R 133 0 obj /S /TD One of the samples was used for the compressive strength on the second day of casting, and one on the twenty-eighth day. endobj /K [ 133 ] Bitumen ferrocement is modified type of ferrocrete in which wire mesh is covered with bitumen and it uses as reinforcement. /K [ 79 ] /K [ 145 ] 310 0 obj /FontFile2 404 0 R 262 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R >> endobj /LastChar 117 /S /P /Subtype /TrueType /S /Transparency endobj << 210 0 obj >> endobj << /MarkInfo << /S /P << /Type /FontDescriptor /K [ 124 ] Found inside – Page 185It is considered that for several bituminous coals the associated structure model is ... Mechanical properties measured are compressive strength, hardness, ... /K [ 97 0 R 99 0 R 101 0 R 103 0 R 105 0 R ] >> << /S /TD endobj /P 326 0 R /Widths 411 0 R /P 37 0 R /Resources << /Pg 23 0 R 295 0 obj /CA 0.15 /S /P /S /LI /Pg 23 0 R /K [ 33 ] >> >> /P 103 0 R << M, Suresh G S(2013), "Behaviour of Light-Weight /S /TD endobj /ExtGState <> endobj 376 0 obj >> /Descent -216 /S /P /Pg 23 0 R /BaseFont /Arial,Bold 96 /grave 128 /bullet /dagger /daggerdbl /ellipsis /emdash /endash /florin /fraction >> /S /TD /Pg 23 0 R /S /Figure 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. /FontWeight 400 endobj endobj << >> /Pg 27 0 R endobj >> Found inside – Page 136The brick produced has the compressive strength of 100 kg cm–2, with satisfactory freeze resistance. It is well known, that brick making from clay has the ... The strength and compaction characteristics of the natural and stabilized granular soil were determined. /Type /Page >> /Type /FontDescriptor << >> /K [ 341 0 R ] The application of bitumen ferrocement is swimming pool. /Pg 23 0 R << >> /Pg 23 0 R >> /K [ 303 0 R ] /S /TR endobj /P 395 0 R At present, the manufacturing process requires the new units to be heat cured to convert the bitumen binder from a viscoelastic material into an elastic-brittle material (known as hardening or bitumen aging). /K [ 277 0 R ] /K [ 64 ] endobj /P 268 0 R /K [ 78 0 R ] >> /Descent -216 377 0 obj /FontName /Times#20New#20Roman,Bold The results o, the strength also increases by 13.79% in case of vertical. >> /S /P endobj /S /Figure /Kids [ 3 0 R 23 0 R 27 0 R ] >> 391 0 obj /K [ 283 0 R ] /Font 445 0 R 117 0 obj 400 0 obj [ 20 0 R ] /S /P /Pg 27 0 R 224 0 obj << << the resources of virgin aggregates and asphalt (bitumen), which in turn saves both energy and cost. /K [ 36 ] >> /P 37 0 R /Alt () /Widths 402 0 R /CS /DeviceRGB /Pg 23 0 R /S /TD USE OF STRENGTH TESTS FOR EVALUATING THE RUT RESISTANCE OF ASPHALT CONCRETE. /S /P << 405 0 obj 472 0 obj The beams are stressed up to 75 percent of safe load and then retrofitted with ferrocement jackets with wire mesh at different orientations. 267 0 R 271 0 R 273 0 R 275 0 R 277 0 R 279 0 R 280 0 R 283 0 R 285 0 R 287 0 R 289 0 R << It is basically considered as a type of thin reinforced concrete construction where cement mortar matrix is reinforced with many layers of continuous and relatively small diameter wire meshes. >> endobj /K true >> /P 358 0 R >> >> endobj >> /K [ 197 0 R ] Bitumen-Stabilized Granular Soil Olumide Moses Ogundipe Abstract— This study investigates the stabilization of granular soil with bitumen. What is the difference between flexural strength and compressive strength? << /Type /Group >> Also the strength offer by bitumen ferrocement will be comparing with ferrocement cubes. /K [ 2 ] /P 317 0 R KEY WORDS: bitumen emulsion, black cotton soil, sea shell powder, unconfined compressive strength. /Pg 23 0 R /P 55 0 R /Flags 32 /CA 1 /Pg 23 0 R /P 37 0 R /K [ 43 ] Asphalt Content > 35% 2. 72 0 obj /S /TD /Pg 23 0 R << /Pg 27 0 R >> /K 53 /Pg 23 0 R ERS-C is an indicator of durability with 0, 1, 2, 4, and 7 days of immersion time. << /Encoding << endobj /Differences [ 24 /breve /caron /circumflex /dotaccent /hungarumlaut /ogonek /ring /tilde 39 /quotesingle >> endobj << << /FirstChar 32 /P 106 0 R /K [ 107 0 R 109 0 R 111 0 R 113 0 R 115 0 R ] The traditional /P 37 0 R /Pg 27 0 R /Count 3 The ferrocement cubes casted with single and double layers of reinforcement placed in transverse, vertical and diagonal plane. /K [ 289 0 R ] Found inside – Page 23( 5 ) Additives appear to have no material effect on the original compressive strength of bituminous mixtures . ( 6 ) Additives are available that will ... /StemV 44 /S /P /Pg 23 0 R 289 0 obj << Found inside – Page 47Here an addition of 30.8 volume per cent of bituminous concrete to recycled aggregate resulted in a 36.6% reduction of concrete compressive strength which ... >> << /K [ 330 0 R 343 0 R 355 0 R ] /Type /OCMD endobj /ON [ 437 0 R ] /StemV 40 130 0 obj >> /Name (Background) endobj 10 0 obj /S /TD /K [ 0 ] /K 119 /P 131 0 R reinforcement on compressive strength of Ferrocement", /Pg 23 0 R compressive strength of ferrocement. /P 269 0 R <> 365 0 obj /K [ 169 0 R ] /Pg 23 0 R 364 0 obj endobj /P 56 0 R 225 0 R 227 0 R 229 0 R 231 0 R 232 0 R 233 0 R 237 0 R 239 0 R 241 0 R 242 0 R 245 0 R 195 0 obj /CapHeight 677 Experience in using bitumen in engineering projects has led to the adoption of certain test procedures that are indicative of the characteristics that identify adequate performance levels. /Pg 23 0 R /S /Table /Widths 400 0 R >> >> endobj endobj endobj /MaxWidth 2558 << /Pg 23 0 R /FontWeight 700 The compressive strength of road pavements is commonly specified in concrete road and pavement specifications. 274 0 obj 286 0 obj 232 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R /Descent -216 /P 173 0 R Also the strength offer by bitumen ferrocement will be comparing with ferrocement cubes. 13 0 obj /K [ 62 0 R ] /S /LI >> endobj © 2008-2021 ResearchGate GmbH. /S /TD /S /Span >> endobj /Ascent 891 /P 37 0 R /P 268 0 R /Type /Page 242 0 obj Delhi,2012. << /K [ 382 0 R ] << /K [ 91 ] << /DW 1000 Methodology of Post tensioning or Prestressing in details . 209 0 obj Analyzing the results and comparing how the properties like stability, split tensile strength and stripping change by varying void content from DBC to SDBC to OGPC. The strength characteristics of asphalt mixture is crucial for the design and construction of asphalt roads. /K [ 82 ] << /S /TD << << /S /TD 228 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R /Pg 23 0 R << Ferrocement under Monotonic Axial Compression", endobj 4. endobj << << /Pg 27 0 R 444 0 obj endobj 277 0 obj /MaxWidth 2628 << /Subtype /TrueType /S /P unconfined compressive strength of 250 psi (1724 kpa) at 7 days. with normal control beam. endobj /S /P /Pg 27 0 R /S /TD 6), Beneficiation of Iron in Thermal-Reduced Ilmenite by Magnetic Separation, Enhanced Document Clustering for Forensic Analysis, Secured Deduplication using Hybrid Cloud Approach, Secure Broadcasting Probability to Enhance Mobile Ad-hoc Network Using NCPR, Online Failure Prediction of the Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor. << /Pg 23 0 R The results show that the percent increase in load carrying capacity for beam retrofitted with ferrocement jackets with wire mesh at 0, 45, 60 degree angle with longitudinal axis of beam, varies from 45.87 to 52.29 percent. Ductility test of bitumen- Step by Step Full Procedure with Apparatus. 68 0 obj /Pg 23 0 R endobj << 87 0 obj >> 113 0 obj 11 0 obj 252 0 obj >> /K [ 1 ] /K [ 128 ] /Marked true /Descent -216 /P 96 0 R endobj advent to sustainability and versatility", National Journal /S /P /Resources << << /S /P endobj /Type /Group /S /P endobj << << /P 56 0 R 206 0 obj 202 0 R 205 0 R 207 0 R 209 0 R 211 0 R 212 0 R 215 0 R 217 0 R 219 0 R 221 0 R 222 0 R

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